I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka pōʻino i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā mea ʻino o nā mea kolo i nā mea kanu, ua hana mākou i kahi nui o nā ʻano meaola like ʻole. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hana a nā mea kolo like ʻole i like, no laila pehea mākou e koho ai i nā mea kūpono maoli i kā mākou mea kanu? I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ʻelua insecticides me nā ʻano hana like o ka hana ： imidacloprid a me thiamethoxam.
Kamaʻāina loa mākou nā poʻe mahiʻai me ka imidacloprid, no laila he hōkū insecticidal hou ka thiamethoxam. He aha nā mea maikaʻi ma mua o ka hanauna kahiko?
01. Nānā ʻokoʻa o imidacloprid a me thiamethoxam
ʻOiai like nā ʻano ʻelua o ka hana (hiki ke kāohi i ka ʻenemi kikowaena kikowaena pūnaewele nicotinic acid acetylcholinesterase receptor, a laila e ālai ana i ka lawe maʻamau ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana nūhou insect, e hoʻoulu ana i ka paralysis a me ka make ʻana o nā mea make), he 5 nui ka waiwai o thiamethoxam
ʻOi aku ka hana o Thiamethoxam
ʻO ka metabolite nui o thiamethoxam i nā pepeke he loleianidin, kahi i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pilina acetylcholine insect ma mua o thiamethoxam, no laila he ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana insecticidal;
Ua hoʻemi ʻia ka hana o nā metabolites hydroxylated o imidacloprid.
He solubility kiʻekiʻe ka Thiamethoxam i ka wai
ʻO ka solubility o thiamethoxam i loko o ka wai he 8 mau manawa o ka imidacloprid, no laila ʻoiai kahi i maloʻo, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopili i ka lawe a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o thiamethoxam e ka palaoa.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi i loko o ka lepo momona maʻamau, hōʻike ka thiamethoxam i kahi hopena kaohi like me imidacloprid; akā i ke kau maloʻo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka imidacloprid.
ʻO ke kūpaʻa thiamethoxam haʻahaʻa
Ma muli o ka imidacloprid e noho ana ma ka makeke no kahi o 30 mau makahiki, ua lilo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka kūpaʻa kolo i mea koʻikoʻi.
Wahi a nā hōʻike, ua hoʻomohala ka makani lele ʻeleʻele, ka poloka aphid, a me nā namu chive larval i kekahi kūʻē iā ia.
ʻO ka pilikia o ke keʻa kūʻē ma waena o thiamethoxam a me imidacloprid ma nā mea kanu pala, nā aphids pulupulu a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe haʻahaʻa loa.
Hiki i ka Thiamethoxam ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa o nā mea kanu a paipai i ka ulu ʻana o ka hua
He maikaʻi kā Thiamethoxam i hiki ʻole i nā insecticides ʻē aʻe ke kūlike, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka hāpai ʻana i nā aʻa a me nā mea kanu ikaika.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi e hiki i ka Thiamethoxam ke hoʻoulu i nā protein resistence stress, a ma ka manawa like e hua ai ka auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, a me ka phenylalanine amonia lyase i nā mea kanu. A ʻo kahi hopena, ʻo thiamethoxam ka mea e ikaika ai nā ʻōpala a me nā aʻa a hoʻonui i ke kūpaʻa koʻikoʻi.
ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o Thiamethoxam
He ikaika ka hana conduction lau a Thiamethoxam a me nā ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana, a hiki ke ʻimi a hoʻopiha piha ʻia ka ʻākena.
Ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka lepo a i ʻole nā ʻanoʻano, lawe koke ʻia ke thiamethoxam e nā aʻa a i ʻole nā mea ulu hou, a lawe ʻia i luna i nā ʻāpana āpau o ke kino mea kanu ma o ka xylem i ke kino mea kanu. Noho ʻo ia i loko o ke kino mea kanu no ka manawa lōʻihi a hoʻohaʻahaʻa lohi. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hana insecticidal ʻo ka huahana degradation clothianidin, no laila ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hopena o ka thiamethoxam ma mua o ka imidacloprid.
Ka manawa Post: Ian-11-2021